What is the relative electric charge of a proton?

The relative electric charge of a proton is +1.

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A proton consists of three quarks – two up quarks and one down quark. All quarks have fractional electric charge. The up quark has a relative electric charge of +⅔, and the down quark has a relative electric charge of −⅓. This means that, overall, the proton has a relative electric charge of +1.

Relative electric charge denotes the charge of something relative to the electron, which is defined as having a charge of −1. A charge in coulombs is an absolute electric charge. The absolute electric charge of a proton is approximately \(1.6 \times 10^{-19}\,\mathrm{C}\).